NVENC using constant bitrate

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samuelmorris
Posts: 4
Joined: Mon Apr 27, 2020 11:30 am

NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by samuelmorris »

Description of problem or question:
When switching to H.265 (Nvidia NVEnc) or H.264 (Nvidia NVEnc) instead of the CPU-based modes, performance is much improved as I would expect, but I've discovered that it when using 'Constant Quality', unlike the CPU modes, NVEnc is not using variable bitrate, so content with minimal change is coming out far larger than it should. Is there anything I can set in 'Advanced Options' to make the NVEnc encoder behave the same way as the CPU encoder?



Steps to reproduce the problem (If Applicable):
As above, replicated with several files - the bitrate of all files transcoded is the same (+/- 1%) if the same RF value is used.



HandBrake version (e.g., 1.0.0):
1.3.1 (2020010400)



Operating system and version (e.g., Ubuntu 16.04 LTS, macOS 10.13 High Sierra, Windows 10 Creators Update):
Windows 10 Pro 1709



HandBrake Activity Log ***required*** (see How-to get an activity log)

Code: Select all

HandBrake 1.3.1 (2020010400)
OS: Microsoft Windows NT 10.0.16299.0
CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz
Ram: 8143 MB, 
GPU Information:
  NVIDIA GeForce GTX 960 - 25.21.14.1935
Screen: 3840x2160
Temp Dir: C:\Users\Sam Morris\AppData\Local\Temp\
Install Dir: C:\Program Files\HandBrake
Data Dir: C:\Users\Sam Morris\AppData\Roaming\HandBrake

-------------------------------------------


# Starting Encode ...

[01:15:33] base preset: Fast 1080p30 (Modified)
[13:15:33] hb_init: starting libhb thread
[13:15:33] Starting work at: Mon Apr 27 13:15:33 2020
[13:15:33] 1 job(s) to process
[13:15:33] json job:
{
  "Audio": {
    "AudioList": [
      {
        "DRC": 0.0,
        "Encoder": "copy",
        "Gain": 0.0,
        "Mixdown": -1,
        "NormalizeMixLevel": false,
        "Samplerate": 0,
        "Track": 0,
        "DitherMethod": 0
      }
    ],
    "CopyMask": [
      "copy:aac",
      "copy:ac3",
      "copy:dtshd",
      "copy:dts",
      "copy:eac3",
      "copy:flac",
      "copy:mp3",
      "copy:truehd"
    ],
    "FallbackEncoder": "ac3"
  },
  "Destination": {
    "ChapterList": [
      {
        "Name": "Chapter 1"
      }
    ],
    "ChapterMarkers": true,
    "AlignAVStart": false,
    "File": "E:\\Dashcam\\2020\\20200127\\20200127 C-Front RF24N.mkv",
    "Mp4Options": {
      "IpodAtom": false,
      "Mp4Optimize": false
    },
    "Mux": "mkv"
  },
  "Filters": {
    "FilterList": [
      {
        "ID": 4,
        "Settings": {
          "mode": "7"
        }
      },
      {
        "ID": 3,
        "Settings": {
          "block-height": "16",
          "block-thresh": "40",
          "block-width": "16",
          "filter-mode": "2",
          "mode": "3",
          "motion-thresh": "1",
          "spatial-metric": "2",
          "spatial-thresh": "1"
        }
      },
      {
        "ID": 12,
        "Settings": {
          "crop-bottom": "0",
          "crop-left": "0",
          "crop-right": "0",
          "crop-top": "0",
          "height": "1080",
          "width": "1920"
        }
      },
      {
        "ID": 6,
        "Settings": {
          "mode": "0"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "PAR": {
    "Num": 1,
    "Den": 1
  },
  "Metadata": {},
  "SequenceID": 0,
  "Source": {
    "Angle": 1,
    "Range": {
      "Type": "chapter",
      "Start": 1,
      "End": 1
    },
    "Title": 1,
    "Path": "E:\\output\\20200127 C-Front.mkv"
  },
  "Subtitle": {
    "Search": {
      "Burn": true,
      "Default": false,
      "Enable": true,
      "Forced": true
    },
    "SubtitleList": []
  },
  "Video": {
    "Encoder": "nvenc_h265",
    "Level": "auto",
    "TwoPass": false,
    "Turbo": false,
    "ColorMatrixCode": 0,
    "Options": "",
    "Preset": "slow",
    "Profile": "auto",
    "Quality": 24.0,
    "QSV": {
      "Decode": false,
      "AsyncDepth": 0
    }
  }
}
[13:15:33] CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-8400 CPU @ 2.80GHz
[13:15:33]  - Intel microarchitecture Kaby Lake
[13:15:33]  - logical processor count: 6
[13:15:33] Intel Quick Sync Video support: no
[13:15:33] hb_scan: path=E:\output\20200127 C-Front.mkv, title_index=1
udfread ERROR: ECMA 167 Volume Recognition failed
src/libbluray/disc/disc.c:323: failed opening UDF image E:\output\20200127 C-Front.mkv
src/libbluray/disc/disc.c:424: error opening file BDMV\index.bdmv
src/libbluray/disc/disc.c:424: error opening file BDMV\BACKUP\index.bdmv
src/libbluray/bluray.c:2585: nav_get_title_list(E:\output\20200127 C-Front.mkv\) failed
[13:15:33] bd: not a bd - trying as a stream/file instead
libdvdnav: Using dvdnav version 6.0.1
libdvdread: Encrypted DVD support unavailable.
libdvdread:DVDOpenFileUDF:UDFFindFile /VIDEO_TS/VIDEO_TS.IFO failed
libdvdread:DVDOpenFileUDF:UDFFindFile /VIDEO_TS/VIDEO_TS.BUP failed
libdvdread: Can't open file VIDEO_TS.IFO.
libdvdnav: vm: failed to read VIDEO_TS.IFO
[13:15:33] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'E:\output\20200127 C-Front.mkv':
  Metadata:
    encoder         : libebml v1.3.9 + libmatroska v1.5.2
    creation_time   : 2020-04-27T10:54:37.000000Z
  Duration: 00:08:33.70, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 10337 kb/s
    Stream #0:0: Video: h264 (High), yuv420p(progressive), 1920x1080, SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9, 30 fps, 30 tbr, 1k tbn, 60 tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      BPS-eng         : 10238797
      DURATION-eng    : 00:08:33.701000000
      NUMBER_OF_FRAMES-eng: 15411
      NUMBER_OF_BYTES-eng: 657460088
      _STATISTICS_WRITING_APP-eng: mkvmerge v35.0.0 ('All The Love In The World') 64-bit
      _STATISTICS_WRITING_DATE_UTC-eng: 2020-04-27 10:54:37
      _STATISTICS_TAGS-eng: BPS DURATION NUMBER_OF_FRAMES NUMBER_OF_BYTES
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC), 32000 Hz, mono, fltp (default)
    Metadata:
      BPS-eng         : 95999
      DURATION-eng    : 00:08:33.665000000
      NUMBER_OF_FRAMES-eng: 16052
      NUMBER_OF_BYTES-eng: 6163968
      _STATISTICS_WRITING_APP-eng: mkvmerge v35.0.0 ('All The Love In The World') 64-bit
      _STATISTICS_WRITING_DATE_UTC-eng: 2020-04-27 10:54:37
      _STATISTICS_TAGS-eng: BPS DURATION NUMBER_OF_FRAMES NUMBER_OF_BYTES
[13:15:33] scan: decoding previews for title 1
[13:15:33] scan: audio 0x1: aac, rate=32000Hz, bitrate=1 Unknown (AAC LC) (1.0 ch)
[13:15:33] scan: 10 previews, 1920x1080, 30.000 fps, autocrop = 0/0/0/0, aspect 16:9, PAR 1:1
[13:15:33] scan: supported video decoders: avcodec qsv
[13:15:33] libhb: scan thread found 1 valid title(s)
[13:15:33] Skipping subtitle scan.  No suitable subtitle tracks.
[13:15:33] Starting Task: Encoding Pass
[13:15:33] Skipping vfr filter
[13:15:33] Skipping crop/scale filter
[13:15:33] Auto Passthru: allowed codecs are AAC, AC3, E-AC3, TrueHD, DTS, DTS-HD, MP3, FLAC
[13:15:33] Auto Passthru: fallback is AC3
[13:15:33] Auto Passthru: using AAC Passthru for track 1
[13:15:33] work: only 1 chapter, disabling chapter markers
[13:15:33] job configuration:
[13:15:33]  * source
[13:15:33]    + E:\output\20200127 C-Front.mkv
[13:15:33]    + title 1, chapter(s) 1 to 1
[13:15:33]    + container: matroska,webm
[13:15:33]    + data rate: 10337 kbps
[13:15:33]  * destination
[13:15:33]    + E:\Dashcam\2020\20200127\20200127 C-Front RF24N.mkv
[13:15:33]    + container: Matroska (libavformat)
[13:15:33]  * video track
[13:15:33]    + decoder: h264
[13:15:33]    + filters
[13:15:33]      + Comb Detect (mode=3:spatial-metric=2:motion-thresh=1:spatial-thresh=1:filter-mode=2:block-thresh=40:block-width=16:block-height=16)
[13:15:33]      + Decomb (mode=39)
[13:15:33]    + Output geometry
[13:15:33]      + storage dimensions: 1920 x 1080
[13:15:33]      + pixel aspect ratio: 1 : 1
[13:15:33]      + display dimensions: 1920 x 1080
[13:15:33]    + encoder: H.265 (NVEnc)
[13:15:33]      + preset:  slow
[13:15:33]      + profile: auto
[13:15:33]      + level:   auto
[13:15:33]      + quality: 24.00 (CQ)
[13:15:33]      + color profile: 1-1-1
[13:15:33]  * audio track 1
[13:15:33]    + decoder: Unknown (AAC LC) (1.0 ch) (track 1, id 0x1)
[13:15:33]      + samplerate: 32000 Hz
[13:15:33]    + AAC Passthru
[13:15:33] sync: expecting 15411 video frames
[13:15:33] encavcodecInit: H.265 (Nvidia NVENC)
[13:15:33] encavcodec: encoding at rc=vbr 24.00
[13:15:33] encavcodec: encoding with stored aspect 1/1
[13:15:33] sync: first pts video is 0
[13:15:33] sync: "Chapter 1" (1) at frame 1 time 0
[13:15:33] sync: first pts audio 0x1 is 0
[13:17:54] reader: done. 1 scr changes
[13:17:54] work: average encoding speed for job is 109.660034 fps
[13:17:54] comb detect: heavy 177 | light 1658 | uncombed 13576 | total 15411
[13:17:54] decomb: deinterlaced 177 | blended 1658 | unfiltered 13576 | total 15411
[13:17:54] aac-decoder done: 16052 frames, 0 decoder errors
[13:17:54] h264-decoder done: 15411 frames, 0 decoder errors
[13:17:54] sync: got 15411 frames, 15411 expected
[13:17:54] sync: framerate min 30.000 fps, max 30.000 fps, avg 30.000 fps
[13:17:55] mux: track 0, 15411 frames, 617201897 bytes, 9611.24 kbps, fifo 512
[13:17:55] mux: track 1, 16052 frames, 6163968 bytes, 95.99 kbps, fifo 512
[13:17:55] Finished work at: Mon Apr 27 13:17:55 2020
[13:17:55] libhb: work result = 0

# Encode Completed ...
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User avatar
s55
HandBrake Team
Posts: 10357
Joined: Sun Dec 24, 2006 1:05 pm

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by s55 »

Log confirms it's in VBR mode so it's likely just a limitation or bad rate control of the card your using. the 900 hevc support is pretty bad. Doesn't even have bframe support. I'd expect horrible file sizes to maintain quality.

It's one of the reasons we don't formally support anything less than 10 series Nvidia GPU's formally.
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samuelmorris
Posts: 4
Joined: Mon Apr 27, 2020 11:30 am

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by samuelmorris »

Hmm, I tried with my GTX1080 PC and got almost an identical filesize. The filesize the CPU encoder gives me is different (and in the case of the file I'm testing just because it's small, is actually larger). Fair point that the GTX960 is an old card, but the 1080 should support everything should it not?
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mduell
Veteran User
Posts: 8198
Joined: Sat Apr 21, 2007 8:54 pm

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by mduell »

Post that log.
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tlindgren
Bright Spark User
Posts: 260
Joined: Sun May 03, 2009 2:14 pm

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by tlindgren »

samuelmorris wrote: ↑Mon Apr 27, 2020 11:20 pmHmm, I tried with my GTX1080 PC and got almost an identical filesize. The filesize the CPU encoder gives me is different (and in the case of the file I'm testing just because it's small, is actually larger). Fair point that the GTX960 is an old card, but the 1080 should support everything should it not?
To get usable hevc encoding with Nvidia card you need the Turing NVEnc, this means it has to be a 1650 Super or better (1660/20xx). The non-Super 1650 don't have this, nor do any of the older Nvidia cards like your 1080 and there's currently no AMD cards with what I would consider an usable hevc encoder.

And as others have noted, even the Turing NVEnc is in the "speed, not quality per bit" group but there's a number of cases where it makes good sense like streaming.
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samuelmorris
Posts: 4
Joined: Mon Apr 27, 2020 11:30 am

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by samuelmorris »

Here's the most obvious example I can think of - a 4k60 youtube video. Since it's youtube and it's mostly static imagery, I'm using RF28 as the lower boundary of recommended quality settings.

The source file is 2,076,157KB. When encoded by the CPU x264 at RF28, it's 416,715KB, barely a fifth the size.
On x265 HEVC, it came out 1,816,798KB - log file below.

It does rather sound like HEVC isn't really ready for prime time yet, but if there's any way this could be improved I'd be grateful to know.
Thanks!

Code: Select all

HandBrake 1.3.1 (2020010400)
OS: Microsoft Windows NT 10.0.18362.0
CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-7600 CPU @ 3.50GHz
Ram: 16342 MB, 
GPU Information:
  NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1080 - 26.21.14.3200
Screen: 3840x2160
Temp Dir: C:\Users\Sam Morris\AppData\Local\Temp\
Install Dir: C:\Program Files\HandBrake
Data Dir: C:\Users\Sam Morris\AppData\Roaming\HandBrake

-------------------------------------------


# Starting Encode ...

[07:47:06] base preset: 4K1 (Modified)
[19:47:06] hb_init: starting libhb thread
[19:47:06] Starting work at: Tue Apr 28 19:47:06 2020
[19:47:06] 1 job(s) to process
[19:47:06] json job:
{
  "Audio": {
    "AudioList": [
      {
        "DRC": 0.0,
        "Encoder": "copy",
        "Gain": 0.0,
        "Mixdown": -1,
        "NormalizeMixLevel": false,
        "Samplerate": 0,
        "Track": 0,
        "DitherMethod": 0
      }
    ],
    "CopyMask": [
      "copy:aac",
      "copy:ac3",
      "copy:dtshd",
      "copy:dts",
      "copy:eac3",
      "copy:flac",
      "copy:mp3",
      "copy:truehd"
    ],
    "FallbackEncoder": "ac3"
  },
  "Destination": {
    "ChapterList": [
      {
        "Name": "Chapter 1"
      }
    ],
    "ChapterMarkers": true,
    "AlignAVStart": false,
    "File": "X:\\Temp\\7600NVEncGTX1080-X265-RF28.mkv",
    "Mp4Options": {
      "IpodAtom": false,
      "Mp4Optimize": false
    },
    "Mux": "mkv"
  },
  "Filters": {
    "FilterList": [
      {
        "ID": 4,
        "Settings": {
          "mode": "7"
        }
      },
      {
        "ID": 3,
        "Settings": {
          "block-height": "16",
          "block-thresh": "40",
          "block-width": "16",
          "filter-mode": "2",
          "mode": "3",
          "motion-thresh": "1",
          "spatial-metric": "2",
          "spatial-thresh": "1"
        }
      },
      {
        "ID": 12,
        "Settings": {
          "crop-bottom": "0",
          "crop-left": "0",
          "crop-right": "0",
          "crop-top": "0",
          "height": "2160",
          "width": "3840"
        }
      },
      {
        "ID": 6,
        "Settings": {
          "mode": "0"
        }
      }
    ]
  },
  "PAR": {
    "Num": 1,
    "Den": 1
  },
  "Metadata": {},
  "SequenceID": 0,
  "Source": {
    "Angle": 1,
    "Range": {
      "Type": "chapter",
      "Start": 1,
      "End": 1
    },
    "Title": 1,
    "Path": "X:\\Temp\\Source.mkv"
  },
  "Subtitle": {
    "Search": {
      "Burn": true,
      "Default": false,
      "Enable": true,
      "Forced": true
    },
    "SubtitleList": []
  },
  "Video": {
    "Encoder": "nvenc_h265",
    "Level": "auto",
    "TwoPass": false,
    "Turbo": false,
    "ColorMatrixCode": 0,
    "Options": "",
    "Preset": "slow",
    "Profile": "auto",
    "Quality": 28.0,
    "QSV": {
      "Decode": false,
      "AsyncDepth": 0
    }
  }
}
[19:47:06] CPU: Intel(R) Core(TM) i5-7600 CPU @ 3.50GHz
[19:47:06]  - Intel microarchitecture Kaby Lake
[19:47:06]  - logical processor count: 4
[19:47:06] Intel Quick Sync Video support: no
[19:47:06] hb_scan: path=X:\Temp\Source.mkv, title_index=1
udfread ERROR: ECMA 167 Volume Recognition failed
src/libbluray/disc/disc.c:323: failed opening UDF image X:\Temp\Source.mkv
src/libbluray/disc/disc.c:424: error opening file BDMV\index.bdmv
src/libbluray/disc/disc.c:424: error opening file BDMV\BACKUP\index.bdmv
src/libbluray/bluray.c:2585: nav_get_title_list(X:\Temp\Source.mkv\) failed
[19:47:06] bd: not a bd - trying as a stream/file instead
libdvdnav: Using dvdnav version 6.0.1
libdvdread: Encrypted DVD support unavailable.
libdvdread:DVDOpenFileUDF:UDFFindFile /VIDEO_TS/VIDEO_TS.IFO failed
libdvdread:DVDOpenFileUDF:UDFFindFile /VIDEO_TS/VIDEO_TS.BUP failed
libdvdread: Can't open file VIDEO_TS.IFO.
libdvdnav: vm: failed to read VIDEO_TS.IFO
[19:47:06] dvd: not a dvd - trying as a stream/file instead
Input #0, matroska,webm, from 'X:\Temp\Source.mkv':
  Metadata:
    ENCODER         : Lavf58.20.100
  Duration: 00:17:48.14, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 15922 kb/s
    Stream #0:0: Video: vp9 (Profile 0), yuv420p(tv, bt709/unknown/unknown), 3840x2160, SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9, 60 fps, 60 tbr, 1k tbn, 1k tbc (default)
    Metadata:
      DURATION        : 00:17:48.083000000
    Stream #0:1: Audio: aac (LC), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp (default)
    Metadata:
      DURATION        : 00:17:48.141000000
[19:47:06] scan: decoding previews for title 1
[19:47:06] scan: audio 0x1: aac, rate=44100Hz, bitrate=1 Unknown (AAC LC) (2.0 ch)
[19:47:08] scan: 10 previews, 3840x2160, 60.000 fps, autocrop = 0/0/0/0, aspect 16:9, PAR 1:1
[19:47:08] libhb: scan thread found 1 valid title(s)
[19:47:08] Skipping subtitle scan.  No suitable subtitle tracks.
[19:47:08] Starting Task: Encoding Pass
[19:47:08] Skipping vfr filter
[19:47:08] Skipping crop/scale filter
[19:47:08] Auto Passthru: allowed codecs are AAC, AC3, E-AC3, TrueHD, DTS, DTS-HD, MP3, FLAC
[19:47:08] Auto Passthru: fallback is AC3
[19:47:08] Auto Passthru: using AAC Passthru for track 1
[19:47:08] work: only 1 chapter, disabling chapter markers
[19:47:08] job configuration:
[19:47:08]  * source
[19:47:08]    + X:\Temp\Source.mkv
[19:47:08]    + title 1, chapter(s) 1 to 1
[19:47:08]    + container: matroska,webm
[19:47:08]    + data rate: 15922 kbps
[19:47:08]  * destination
[19:47:08]    + X:\Temp\7600NVEncGTX1080-X265-RF28.mkv
[19:47:08]    + container: Matroska (libavformat)
[19:47:08]  * video track
[19:47:08]    + decoder: vp9
[19:47:08]    + filters
[19:47:08]      + Comb Detect (mode=3:spatial-metric=2:motion-thresh=1:spatial-thresh=1:filter-mode=2:block-thresh=40:block-width=16:block-height=16)
[19:47:08]      + Decomb (mode=39)
[19:47:08]    + Output geometry
[19:47:08]      + storage dimensions: 3840 x 2160
[19:47:08]      + pixel aspect ratio: 1 : 1
[19:47:08]      + display dimensions: 3840 x 2160
[19:47:08]    + encoder: H.265 (NVEnc)
[19:47:08]      + preset:  slow
[19:47:08]      + profile: auto
[19:47:08]      + level:   auto
[19:47:08]      + quality: 28.00 (CQ)
[19:47:08]      + color profile: 1-1-1
[19:47:08]  * audio track 1
[19:47:08]    + decoder: Unknown (AAC LC) (2.0 ch) (track 1, id 0x1)
[19:47:08]      + samplerate: 44100 Hz
[19:47:08]    + AAC Passthru
[19:47:08] sync: expecting 64088 video frames
[19:47:08] encavcodecInit: H.265 (Nvidia NVENC)
[19:47:08] encavcodec: encoding at rc=vbr 28.00
[19:47:08] encavcodec: encoding with stored aspect 1/1
[19:47:09] sync: first pts video is 0
[19:47:09] sync: "Chapter 1" (1) at frame 1 time 0
[19:47:09] sync: first pts audio 0x1 is 0
[20:14:31] reader: done. 1 scr changes
[20:14:35] work: average encoding speed for job is 38.984337 fps
[20:14:35] comb detect: heavy 443 | light 1598 | uncombed 62044 | total 64085
[20:14:35] decomb: deinterlaced 443 | blended 1598 | unfiltered 62044 | total 64085
[20:14:35] aac-decoder done: 46001 frames, 0 decoder errors
[20:14:35] vp9-decoder done: 64085 frames, 0 decoder errors
[20:14:35] sync: got 64085 frames, 64088 expected
[20:14:35] sync: framerate min 60.000 fps, max 60.000 fps, avg 60.000 fps
[20:14:36] mux: track 0, 64085 frames, 1842496407 bytes, 13799.53 kbps, fifo 2048
[20:14:36] mux: track 1, 46001 frames, 17090277 bytes, 128.00 kbps, fifo 2048
[20:14:36] Finished work at: Tue Apr 28 20:14:36 2020
[20:14:36] libhb: work result = 0

# Encode Completed ...
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User avatar
s55
HandBrake Team
Posts: 10357
Joined: Sun Dec 24, 2006 1:05 pm

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by s55 »

The Quality scales are not the same between x264, x265, h.264 (nvenc) and h.265 (nvenc)

To see an effect, you'd need to dial in the quality scale for each encoder to get a similar filesize then compare the output.
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samuelmorris
Posts: 4
Joined: Mon Apr 27, 2020 11:30 am

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by samuelmorris »

I see, is there anywhere that can be used as a reference to compare them without having to re-encode each file in loads of different quality to experiment?
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mduell
Veteran User
Posts: 8198
Joined: Sat Apr 21, 2007 8:54 pm

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by mduell »

The output size will roughly double/halve each time you move the QP/RF by 6 points, so you can approximate from there to get it in 2-3 encodes for your comparisons.
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Deleted User 13735

Re: NVENC using constant bitrate

Post by Deleted User 13735 »

I get a "mediocre" approximation of RF20 software at CQ13 hardware, so yeah.
I don't use it because the file size is larger and I would never publish it to YT or anywhere.
Would prefer a fast chip without GPU encoding.
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